翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Ribosomal protein s6 ・ Ribosomal protein SA ・ Ribosomal rescue factor ・ Ribosomal RNA ・ Ribosomal S15 leader ・ Ribosomal s6 kinase ・ Ribosomal translocation ・ Ribosomal-protein-alanine N-acetyltransferase ・ Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides ・ Ribosome ・ Ribosome biogenesis ・ Ribosome biogenesis protein BRX1 homolog ・ Ribosome display ・ Ribosome profiling ・ Ribosome Recycling Factor ・ Ribosome shunting ・ Ribosome-inactivating protein ・ Ribosome-nascent chain complex ・ Ribosomopathy ・ Ribostamycin ・ Riboswitch ・ Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone) ・ Ribosylnicotinamide kinase ・ Ribosylpyrimidine nucleosidase ・ Ribot ・ Ribot (horse) ・ Ribot's Law ・ Ribota ・ Ribotyping ・ Ribouisse Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Ribosome shunting ： ウィキペディア英語版 Ribosome shunting Ribosome shunting is a mechanism of translation initiation in which ribosomes physically bypass, or shunt over, parts of the 5' untranslated region to reach the initiation codon. This enables viruses to have more information than usual in an mRNA molecule. Some viral RNAs have been shown to use ribosome shunting as a more efficient form of translation during certain stages of viral life cycle or when translation initiation factors are scarce (e.g. cleavage by viral proteases). Some viruses known to use this mechanism include adenovirus, Sendai virus, human papillomavirus, duck hepatitis B pararetrovirus, rice tungro bacilliform viruses, and cauliflower mosaic virus. In these viruses the ribosome is directly translocated from the upstream initiation complex to the start codon (AUG) without the need for eIF4A helices activity to unwind RNA secondary structures. == Ribosome shunting in Cauliflower mosaic virus == Translation of Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S RNA is initiated by a ribosome shunt. The 35S RNA of CaMV contains a ~600nt leader sequence which contains 7-9 short open reading frames (sORFs) depending on the strain. This long leader sequence has the potential to form an extensive complex stem-loop structure, which is an inhibitory element for expression of following ORFs. However, translation of ORFs downstream of the CaMV 35S RNA leader has been commonly observed. Ribosome shunting model indicates with the collaboration of initiation factors, ribosomes start scanning from capped 5’-end and scans for a short distance until it hits the first sORF. The hairpin structure formed by leader brings the first long ORF into the close spatial vicinity of a 5’-proximal sORF. After read through sORF A, the 80S scanning ribosome disassembles at the stop codon, which is the shunt take-off site. The 40S ribosomal subunits keep combining with RNA, and bypass the strong stem-loop structural element, land at the shunt acceptor site, resume scanning and reinitiate at the first long ORF. 5’-proximal sORF A and the stem-loop structure itself are two essential elements for CaMV shunting (). sORFs with 2-15 codons, and 5-10 nts between sORF stop codon and the base of the stem structure are optimal for ribosome shunting, while the minimal (start-stop) ORF does not promote shunting. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ribosome shunting」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.